1/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:21:19-09-07 14:21:21 The main two paths for autonomous driving are currently:<br>2/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:21:21-09-07 14:21:40 One is the pure vision route represented by Tesla.<br>3/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:21:24-09-07 14:21:40 It relies on cameras, so you don't need to use radar at all.<br>4/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:21:28-09-07 14:21:40 However, there is another path that most domestic car compan...<br>5/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:21:27-09-07 14:21:40 Sensor fusion path.<br>6/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:21:31-09-07 14:21:40 That is to say,<br>7/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:21:33-09-07 14:21:40 Millimeter wave radar, camera<br>8/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:21:35-09-07 14:21:40 Install all the available sensors.<br>9/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:21:38-09-07 14:21:56 Let them work together,<br>10/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:21:42-09-07 14:21:56 But which of these two roads is better?<br>11/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:21:49-09-07 14:21:56 Today, I want to start by discussing this approach that comb...<br>12/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:21:45-09-07 14:21:56 That is to say,<br>13/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:21:46-09-07 14:21:56 Use all cameras and radar.<br>14/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:21:50-09-07 14:21:56 First, we need to clarify this route.<br>15/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:21:56-09-07 14:22:14 First, we need to know that the "invisible eyes" on the car ...<br>16/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:21:53-09-07 14:21:56 Now, we are buying a car.<br>17/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:21:57-09-07 14:22:16 I often hear from sales,<br>18/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:22:00-09-07 14:22:16 I heard that this car has ultrasonic radar.<br>19/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:22:01-09-07 14:22:16 Millimeter wave radar is powerful,<br>20/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:22:07-09-07 14:22:17 It's also a bit unsettling to hear that the lidar is listeni...<br>21/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:22:09-09-07 14:22:19 Let's break it down,<br>22/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:22:11-09-07 14:22:20 Let's talk about what these are.<br>23/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:22:13-09-07 14:22:35 What's the difference?<br>24/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:23:29-09-07 14:23:43 This ultrasonic radar,<br>25/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:22:23-09-07 14:22:37 It is our parking lot's best helper.<br>26/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:22:24-09-07 14:22:37 We can start from when we are reversing,<br>27/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:22:26-09-07 14:22:37 You hear the "drip, drip" sound.<br>28/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:22:31-09-07 14:22:37 The louder the "Ding Ding," the more urgent.<br>29/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:22:34-09-07 14:22:48 That situation is that ultrasonic radar is working.<br>30/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:22:37-09-07 14:22:48 Its principle is actually very simple.<br>31/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:22:38-09-07 14:23:02 From its name, you can tell that it emits sound waves just l...<br>32/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:23:30-09-07 14:23:43 Bounced off something,<br>33/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:34:35-09-07 14:34:46 Then, the time difference between the bounce back can be cal...<br>34/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:25:48-09-07 14:25:53 What is its biggest advantage?<br>35/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:22:40-09-07 14:22:49 Cheap and durable.<br>36/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:22:41-09-07 14:22:49 Why is it so important to be cheap?<br>37/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:22:44-09-07 14:22:49 Because only a few cars have the reversing function,<br>38/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:22:45-09-07 14:22:49 Equipped with four to six ultrasonic radars.<br>39/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:22:48-09-07 14:23:00 If it were an autonomous car,<br>40/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:22:49-09-07 14:23:02 It needs to be equipped with about twenty radars.<br>41/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:22:52-09-07 14:23:02 And it needs to be done so that all the front and rear bumpe...<br>42/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:22:51-09-07 14:23:02 So if he's expensive, then I can't afford him.<br>43/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:22:55-09-07 14:23:02 How much does it cost?<br>44/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:22:56-09-07 14:23:02 From a few dollars to one hundred.<br>45/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:22:59-09-07 14:23:03 So, if the whole car is finished,<br>46/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:23:02-09-07 14:23:17 It could be a few hundred to one thousand.<br>47/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:23:05-09-07 14:23:21 Acceptable.<br>48/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:23:03-09-07 14:23:20 What is another benefit?<br>49/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:23:07-09-07 14:23:23 This ultrasonic radar,<br>50/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:23:10-09-07 14:23:24 It is completely fearless.<br>51/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:23:13-09-07 14:23:26 Even if mud sticks to the back bumper,<br>52/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:23:16-09-07 14:23:32 Can you see it, or not?<br>53/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:23:14-09-07 14:23:29 And if it rains, nothing will be delayed.<br>54/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:23:32-09-07 14:23:44 If the car is left in a dark garage and not turned off,<br>55/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:23:33-09-07 14:23:44 Because it can transmit sound waves even in the dark,<br>56/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:23:34-09-07 14:23:44 Therefore, it is not afraid of the dark.<br>57/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:23:37-09-07 14:23:44 But it has a drawback,<br>58/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:23:40-09-07 14:23:44 What are its weaknesses?<br>59/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:23:43-09-07 14:23:57 It can only do slow work.<br>60/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:23:44-09-07 14:23:57 Why can't I work fast?<br>61/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:24:12-09-07 14:24:28 Because it emits sound waves,<br>62/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:25:21-09-07 14:25:23 If the speed is fast and the wind blows,<br>63/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:23:46-09-07 14:23:57 This sound will be chaotic.<br>64/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:23:47-09-07 14:23:57 This will be inaccurate.<br>65/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:23:50-09-07 14:23:57 This is also the reason.<br>66/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:23:51-09-07 14:23:57 It's a natural helper for reversing into parking spaces.<br>67/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:23:54-09-07 14:23:57 Because the speed of parking and reversing is relatively slo...<br>68/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:23:55-09-07 14:23:57 So, just remember that ultrasonic radar...<br>69/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:23:57-09-07 14:24:13 It's our dedicated assistant for parking and reversing.<br>70/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:23:58-09-07 14:24:13 Now that we have the ultrasonic radar,<br>71/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:24:01-09-07 14:24:13 We also learned that,<br>72/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:24:04-09-07 14:24:13 The second radar is the millimeter wave radar.<br>73/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:24:05-09-07 14:24:13 What is it?<br>74/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:24:06-09-07 14:24:15 It is our all-weather eyes,<br>75/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:24:09-09-07 14:24:28 What is the key difference between it and ultrasonic radar?<br>76/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:24:08-09-07 14:24:15 Is it using sound waves?<br>77/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:24:21-09-07 14:24:28 Just by the name, you can tell it's millimeter wave.<br>78/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:24:16-09-07 14:24:28 It is an electromagnetic wave.<br>79/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:24:18-09-07 14:24:28 Therefore, he can see far.<br>80/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:24:23-09-07 14:24:28 When driving at high speeds,<br>81/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:24:26-09-07 14:24:28 He can measure a distance of two meters or more.<br>82/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:24:28-09-07 14:24:42 And it also has one advantage,<br>83/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:25:53-09-07 14:26:07 The higher the number of particles, the faster the speed of ...<br>84/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:25:35-09-07 14:25:39 The wind is blowing, and the accuracy will be affected.<br>85/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:24:29-09-07 14:24:42 It speeds up,<br>86/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:24:32-09-07 14:24:42 It is also very accurate.<br>87/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:24:30-09-07 14:24:42 There are also bad weather conditions.<br>88/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:24:34-09-07 14:24:42 Rain, snow and hail don't affect it.<br>89/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:24:37-09-07 14:24:55 Because of its electromagnetic properties, it can achieve sp...<br>90/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:24:39-09-07 14:24:42 I can also tell you how fast the car is going.<br>91/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:24:40-09-07 14:24:42 It's still slow.<br>92/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:24:42-09-07 14:25:00 I'm getting closer and closer to you,<br>93/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:24:43-09-07 14:24:57 It's getting further and further away.<br>94/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:24:45-09-07 14:24:58 This skill doesn't require a camera.<br>95/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:36:32-09-07 14:36:45 Um,<br>96/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:24:51-09-07 14:25:04 The camera only sees static images.<br>97/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:24:48-09-07 14:25:01 However, it has one disadvantage.<br>98/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:24:53-09-07 14:25:06 What are its disadvantages?<br>99/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:24:54-09-07 14:25:08 You can imagine it as a nearsighted eye.<br>100/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:25:10-09-07 14:25:23 He can know that there is something ahead.<br>101/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:25:08-09-07 14:25:23 But he couldn't see what it was.<br>102/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:25:11-09-07 14:25:23 For example, he saw something in front of him.<br>103/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:25:13-09-07 14:25:23 He didn't know whether it was a car or a pedestrian ahead.<br>104/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:25:14-09-07 14:25:23 He didn't know whether it was a truck or a car.<br>105/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:25:17-09-07 14:25:23 Therefore, it is still flawed.<br>106/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:25:23-09-07 14:25:38 But we just need to remember millimeter wave radar,<br>107/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:25:24-09-07 14:25:38 It is responsible for keeping us safe on the highway.<br>108/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:25:20-09-07 14:25:23 Regardless of the weather,<br>109/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:25:28-09-07 14:25:39 No matter the speed, it's very capable. That's why we're int...<br>110/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:25:25-09-07 14:25:38 The third type of radar is the most famous LiDAR.<br>111/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:25:31-09-07 14:25:38 I believe you've been hearing this name more and more recent...<br>112/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:25:32-09-07 14:25:44 The more I listen, the more it seems.<br>113/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:25:55-09-07 14:26:07 Yes,<br>114/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:25:34-09-07 14:25:39 Laser radar is like a high-definition telescope.<br>115/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:25:41-09-07 14:25:52 We just talked about the defect of millimeter wave radar, wh...<br>116/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:25:42-09-07 14:25:53 But LiDAR is essentially a high-resolution camera,<br>117/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:25:44-09-07 14:25:53 Or a high-resolution telescope,<br>118/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:25:36-09-07 14:25:53 It can see very clearly.<br>119/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:37:47-09-07 14:37:52 There's a car in front,<br>120/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:26:18-09-07 14:26:32 Still a pedestrian,<br>121/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:25:45-09-07 14:25:53 What kind of car is it?<br>122/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:25:46-09-07 14:25:53 He could see it clearly.<br>123/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:25:56-09-07 14:26:07 But did you know that LiDAR used to be quite expensive?<br>124/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:25:58-09-07 14:26:07 How much does it cost?<br>125/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:25:50-09-07 14:25:55 In 2019,<br>126/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:25:59-09-07 14:26:07 The LiDAR used on our autonomous vehicle,<br>127/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:28:32-09-07 14:28:42 Fifty thousand RMB.<br>128/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:26:04-09-07 14:26:18 Therefore, this is not a vehicle that can be used by ordinar...<br>129/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:26:01-09-07 14:26:07 Specifically for unmanned vehicles,<br>130/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:26:06-09-07 14:26:32 Or, it's just that research institutions are spending money ...<br>131/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:28:25-09-07 14:28:42 However, this situation actually had a turning point in 2016...<br>132/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:26:07-09-07 14:26:18 Why are there two startups entering the market in China at t...<br>133/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:26:48-09-07 14:27:00 One is and with Sai Technology,<br>134/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:26:08-09-07 14:26:18 A company is called "Shengchuang".<br>135/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:26:11-09-07 14:26:18 They keenly seized the opportunity of technological iteratio...<br>136/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:26:14-09-07 14:26:18 The LiDAR technology that was once completely dominated by t...<br>137/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:26:15-09-07 14:26:18 Turned the ancestor of someone into a martyr.<br>138/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:26:17-09-07 14:26:18 How much does a LiDAR cost now?<br>139/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:26:22-09-07 14:26:32 Now it's only a few thousand yuan,<br>140/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:26:20-09-07 14:26:32 The cheapest ones are even less than one thousand.<br>141/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:26:27-09-07 14:26:32 And it's been less than ten years.<br>142/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:27:33-09-07 14:27:51 From fifty thousand to one thousand,<br>143/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:26:28-09-07 14:26:32 How significant is this price cut in semiconductors?<br>144/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:26:30-09-07 14:26:32 It has a famous Moore's Law,<br>145/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:26:31-09-07 14:26:49 Every eighteen months, the performance can double.<br>146/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:26:34-09-07 14:26:49 Price halved.<br>147/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:26:37-09-07 14:26:49 The rapid price decline of Chinese LiDARs is like shattering...<br>148/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:26:41-09-07 14:26:49 Today, more than 90% of the LiDAR market is...<br>149/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:26:42-09-07 14:27:00 Several Chinese companies have monopolized the global market...<br>150/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:26:45-09-07 14:27:00 Hecar, a subsidiary of Huawei, is also a very powerful LiDAR...<br>151/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:26:39-09-07 14:26:49 Oh.<br>152/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:26:43-09-07 14:26:49 At this point,<br>153/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:26:52-09-07 14:27:00 I also want to add something that many people don't know abo...<br>154/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:26:50-09-07 14:27:00 The starting point of Chinese LiDAR,<br>155/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:26:53-09-07 14:27:00 Actually, it's related to the two bombs and one star.<br>156/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:26:56-09-07 14:27:00 In 1965,<br>157/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:28:42-09-07 14:28:57 The student, Chen, raised a very forward-looking question.<br>158/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:26:57-09-07 14:27:00 Can lasers be used for detection?<br>159/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:27:02-09-07 14:27:17 Who would have thought that the seed, which came from two bo...<br>160/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:26:59-09-07 14:27:17 Today, it has actually grown into a towering tree that domin...<br>161/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:27:03-09-07 14:27:17 The dishes on Wen Road are all ready.<br>162/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:27:05-09-07 14:27:17 I cooked a big pot today,<br>163/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:27:07-09-07 14:27:17 I always like to try different ways of braising beef.<br>164/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:27:14-09-07 14:27:34 For example, when braising beef brisket and other cuts of be...<br>165/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:27:10-09-07 14:27:17 Haha haha.<br>166/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:27:13-09-07 14:27:17 Of course,<br>167/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:41:12-09-07 14:41:28 It also has its own picky places,<br>168/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:27:16-09-07 14:27:34 He is different from millimeter wave radar.<br>169/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:27:19-09-07 14:27:34 Radar with millimeter wave, no fear of bad weather.<br>170/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:27:24-09-07 14:27:34 He is afraid of heavy rain.<br>171/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:27:21-09-07 14:27:34 Afraid of fog,<br>172/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:27:26-09-07 14:27:34 Afraid of the cold,<br>173/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:27:27-09-07 14:27:34 Afraid of heat,<br>174/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:27:30-09-07 14:27:34 The mud on the lake is also very good.<br>175/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:27:36-09-07 14:27:51 It is now a special and delicate one.<br>176/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:27:37-09-07 14:27:51 Moreover, the artifacts inside were surprisingly intricate.<br>177/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:27:38-09-07 14:27:51 The car has been used for a long time,<br>178/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:27:41-09-07 14:27:51 There will always be deviations.<br>179/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:27:44-09-07 14:27:51 But don't worry, the car won't automatically steer towards r...<br>180/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:27:47-09-07 14:27:51 It automatically performs a calibration every time you open ...<br>181/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:28:47-09-07 14:28:57 So, you don't need to worry about it at all.<br>182/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:27:48-09-07 14:27:51 It secretly calibrates itself in the background.<br>183/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:27:50-09-07 14:28:09 Unless you have been in an accident,<br>184/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:27:52-09-07 14:28:09 It was a pretty serious collision.<br>185/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:27:55-09-07 14:28:09 This LiDAR system can no longer be self-adjusted.<br>186/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:27:58-09-07 14:28:09 At that time, you might need to go for a check-up and get so...<br>187/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:28:00-09-07 14:28:09 Finally, you will remember that LiDAR is very realistic.<br>188/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:28:01-09-07 14:28:09 But it's a bit demanding,<br>189/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:28:04-09-07 14:28:09 Being served.<br>190/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:28:07-09-07 14:28:25 The above radars,<br>191/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:28:09-09-07 14:28:25 Whether LiDAR or not,<br>192/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:28:11-09-07 14:28:25 What radar,<br>193/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:28:12-09-07 14:28:25 Its lifespan is actually at least as long as a car,<br>194/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:28:15-09-07 14:28:25 The shortest-lived radar is just like the lifespan of a car,<br>195/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:28:18-09-07 14:28:25 It's perfectly fine to use for ten years.<br>196/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:28:20-09-07 14:28:25 So you don't have to worry about having a LiDAR installed in...<br>197/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:28:23-09-07 14:28:25 Will the LiDAR need to be replaced first?<br>198/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:28:26-09-07 14:28:42 First, change the ones that are not right.<br>199/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:28:35-09-07 14:28:42 It's about the same as a car's lifespan.<br>200/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:28:36-09-07 14:28:42 Now we're going to talk about why domestic automakers want t...<br>201/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:29:31-09-07 14:29:36 The answer is actually very simple.<br>202/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:28:37-09-07 14:28:57 A system that is responsible for security will always choose...<br>203/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:28:40-09-07 14:28:42 Just like a team, one person can do more than just one thing...<br>204/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:31:13-09-07 14:31:32 There are also weaknesses.<br>205/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:28:43-09-07 14:28:57 Three people together,<br>206/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:28:48-09-07 14:28:57 Only then can safety be achieved to the highest level.<br>207/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:28:46-09-07 14:28:57 Cameras are afraid of the dark.<br>208/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:28:51-09-07 14:28:57 It's okay to be afraid of the rain,<br>209/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:29:51-09-07 14:30:09 Millimeter wave radar is coming,<br>210/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:28:57-09-07 14:29:09 The millimeter-wave radar on top doesn't need to see objects...<br>211/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:28:54-09-07 14:28:57 LiDAR will draw outlines.<br>212/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:28:58-09-07 14:29:09 At the same time, even if only one of these three things is ...<br>213/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:29:52-09-07 14:30:09 Even if it's broken.<br>214/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:29:00-09-07 14:29:09 In most cases, he can also figure out how to get the thing m...<br>215/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:29:01-09-07 14:29:09 But if you only have one system,<br>216/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:29:08-09-07 14:29:09 Then you might be worried about what to do if it fails.<br>217/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:41:20-09-07 14:41:31 That's the benefit of redundancy,<br>218/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:29:02-09-07 14:29:09 But are all redundancies good?<br>219/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:29:04-09-07 14:29:09 Some people might ask again,<br>220/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:29:05-09-07 14:29:09 Since redundancy has benefits,<br>221/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:29:09-09-07 14:29:23 Why are there two routes?<br>222/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:29:11-09-07 14:29:23 Useful redundancy,<br>223/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:29:12-09-07 14:29:23 There are pure visual ones,<br>224/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:29:19-09-07 14:29:23 Actually, working together as a team allowed these people to...<br>225/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:29:13-09-07 14:29:23 It's not just about piling things up.<br>226/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:29:15-09-07 14:29:23 It has three particularly tricky problems.<br>227/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:29:16-09-07 14:29:23 To solve.<br>228/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:29:20-09-07 14:29:36 The first problem is to align the timing.<br>229/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:29:21-09-07 14:29:36 You want a camera,<br>230/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:29:24-09-07 14:29:36 Assuming taking 10 photos per second,<br>231/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:29:26-09-07 14:29:36 Millimeter wave radar measures 20 times per second.<br>232/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:29:28-09-07 14:29:36 Laser radar scans ten times or more in a second.<br>233/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:29:34-09-07 14:29:36 They don't blink at the same time.<br>234/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:29:30-09-07 14:29:36 Not simultaneous.<br>235/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:29:35-09-07 14:29:51 Therefore, we need to know the photo taken by the camera at ...<br>236/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:29:40-09-07 14:29:51 Which data should be aligned: 0.02 seconds or 0.015 seconds?<br>237/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:29:37-09-07 14:29:51 If the timing is wrong,<br>238/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:31:29-09-07 14:31:46 If the data is messy, it will lead to incorrect judgments.<br>239/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:29:41-09-07 14:29:51 This is a matter of life and death,<br>240/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:29:42-09-07 14:29:51 Therefore, the problem of time is a difficult one.<br>241/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:29:45-09-07 14:29:51 The second problem is spatial alignment.<br>242/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:29:47-09-07 14:29:51 The same thing,<br>243/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:29:48-09-07 14:29:51 What three people see is completely different.<br>244/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:29:54-09-07 14:30:09 For example, a camera sees pedestrians as some pixels.<br>245/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:29:56-09-07 14:30:09 It's just those pixels in the photo.<br>246/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:29:59-09-07 14:30:09 What does millimeter-wave radar see?<br>247/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:30:02-09-07 14:30:09 Millimeter wave radar is a sound.<br>248/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:31:32-09-07 14:31:48 So what you see is an echo.<br>249/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:30:04-09-07 14:30:09 Just like the echo you hear when shouting into a valley,<br>250/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:30:56-09-07 14:31:14 What does LiDAR see?<br>251/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:30:05-09-07 14:30:25 A pile of light spots.<br>252/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:30:08-09-07 14:30:25 Because it emits millions of laser beams per second,<br>253/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:30:11-09-07 14:30:25 Bounce back when you hit something.<br>254/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:30:13-09-07 14:30:25 To draw the exact outline of something.<br>255/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:30:15-09-07 14:30:25 Therefore, they all need to convert everything into the same...<br>256/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:30:19-09-07 14:30:25 I finally realized that all three of you were talking about ...<br>257/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:30:25-09-07 14:30:40 This is how three people speaking different languages can sa...<br>258/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:30:22-09-07 14:30:25 This is called spatial alignment.<br>259/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:30:26-09-07 14:30:40 The third problem is whether the computing power of chips ca...<br>260/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:41:22-09-07 14:41:31 Don't be too busy yet.<br>261/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:30:27-09-07 14:30:40 So many sensors.<br>262/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:30:30-09-07 14:30:40 Everyone knows that there could be as many as twenty radars.<br>263/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:30:33-09-07 14:30:40 There are more than ten, up to twenty cameras.<br>264/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:30:34-09-07 14:30:40 Well, there are so many sensors.<br>265/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:30:36-09-07 14:30:40 How much data can be generated per second?<br>266/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:30:41-09-07 14:30:57 Just a LiDAR, one LiDAR can have tens of thousands or even h...<br>267/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:30:37-09-07 14:30:57 These data must also be processed completely within 100 mill...<br>268/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:30:38-09-07 14:30:57 Otherwise, the car has been driven out several meters.<br>269/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:30:44-09-07 14:30:57 The reaction is slow.<br>270/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:30:47-09-07 14:30:57 This requires the chips in cars to have particularly strong ...<br>271/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:30:49-09-07 14:30:57 But what if the computing power is strong?<br>272/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:30:50-09-07 14:30:57 High power consumption,<br>273/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:31:01-09-07 14:31:14 There's like a small radiator in the car,<br>274/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:30:53-09-07 14:30:57 Poor heat dissipation,<br>275/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:30:59-09-07 14:31:14 The chip will automatically reduce its frequency.<br>276/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:31:00-09-07 14:31:14 Once lowered,<br>277/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:31:04-09-07 14:31:14 His computing power is discounted.<br>278/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:31:55-09-07 14:32:07 It's taking a while.<br>279/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:31:07-09-07 14:31:14 Safety will also be affected.<br>280/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:31:10-09-07 14:31:14 Therefore, it is a mutually restraining one.<br>281/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:31:18-09-07 14:31:32 Moreover, the chips in cars are also becoming larger due to ...<br>282/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:31:11-09-07 14:31:14 Increasing.<br>283/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:31:15-09-07 14:31:32 From two to four sheets,<br>284/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:31:21-09-07 14:31:32 The most powerful ones now all have eight-chip configuration...<br>285/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:31:23-09-07 14:31:32 Therefore, another point we need to consider is load balanci...<br>286/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:37:42-09-07 14:37:52 Don't let a chip work hard while other chips are idle.<br>287/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:31:24-09-07 14:31:32 You can think,<br>288/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:31:27-09-07 14:31:32 If the central processor is too busy,<br>289/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:31:34-09-07 14:31:48 It's too late to add timestamps to the data.<br>290/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:31:43-09-07 14:31:51 That's actually the data from this second being converted in...<br>291/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:31:35-09-07 14:31:48 Does that not cause a mess?<br>292/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:31:38-09-07 14:31:48 This is like a chip giving orders without any control.<br>293/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:32:34-09-07 14:32:38 In our car,<br>294/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:31:41-09-07 14:31:48 How can we know if a chip has been tampered with?<br>295/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:32:59-09-07 14:33:12 Is there a bottleneck in computing power?<br>296/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:31:46-09-07 14:31:51 Actually, we can hear the changes in data flow.<br>297/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:31:48-09-07 14:32:07 For example, a camera.<br>298/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:31:49-09-07 14:32:07 The frame that should have been transmitted in one second.<br>299/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:31:58-09-07 14:32:08 You find that sometimes eight needles come in one second.<br>300/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:31:59-09-07 14:32:08 Twelve needles arrive in one second.<br>301/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:32:00-09-07 14:32:23 That means the chip is already running at full capacity.<br>302/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:32:03-09-07 14:32:08 I can't process it.<br>303/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:32:06-09-07 14:32:22 If it's more serious,<br>304/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:32:09-09-07 14:32:23 The next second, there was no data.<br>305/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:32:10-09-07 14:32:23 That means the buffer is full.<br>306/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:33:43-09-07 14:33:46 The data has been discarded.<br>307/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:32:12-09-07 14:32:23 This signal is particularly important.<br>308/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:32:15-09-07 14:32:23 Because losing a needle could mean missing an entire pedestr...<br>309/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:41:32-09-07 14:41:48 The car, which was delayed by 100 milliseconds, has already ...<br>310/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:32:17-09-07 14:32:24 Therefore, data is the lifeline of autonomous vehicles.<br>311/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:32:20-09-07 14:32:36 This is the source of dispatch on this lifeline.<br>312/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:32:23-09-07 14:32:38 But currently, in the process of our development,<br>313/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:32:26-09-07 14:32:38 Many cars don't have real-time detection chips.<br>314/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:32:24-09-07 14:32:38 Have you ever experienced blindness or frame loss?<br>315/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:32:29-09-07 14:32:38 Usually, it happens when the system is starting up.<br>316/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:32:31-09-07 14:32:38 Check,<br>317/327 <font color=red>xss</font> 09-07 14:32:36-09-07 14:32:55 After detection is complete, start the autonomous driving fu...<br>318/327 <font color=red>n</font> 09-07 14:32:45-09-07 14:32:55 So, do you think a self-driving car can safely drive on the ...<br>319/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:32:37-09-07 14:32:55 Behind it is a camera,<br>320/327 <font color=red>de</font> 09-07 14:32:40-09-07 14:32:55 Millimeter wave radar,<br>321/327 <font color=red>bg</font> 09-07 14:32:43-09-07 14:32:55 LiDAR systems, each with its own strengths and weaknesses.<br>322/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:34:04-09-07 14:34:17 Camera data and radar data,<br>323/327 <font color=red>aaa</font> 09-07 14:32:47-09-07 14:32:55 Merge several large garlic chips into it within milliseconds...<br>324/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:32:48-09-07 14:32:55 Work hard, but don't burn yourself out.<br>325/327 <font color=red>hp</font> 09-07 14:32:51-09-07 14:32:55 We'll talk about another option later,<br>326/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:32:58-09-07 14:33:12 Is the No Man's Sky route really feasible?<br>327/327 <font color=red></font> 09-07 14:32:54-09-07 14:33:12 See you next time.<br>