1/142 0.21-3.69 aaa 有一批鱼的化石鳃里卡满了小玻璃珠，09-07 18:50:50-09-07 18:50:53A group of fish fossils have a lot of small glass beads stuck in their gills.
2/142 4.35-4.95 n 不是一条，09-07 18:50:50-09-07 18:50:53Not a single one.
3/142 5.19-6.99 hp 两条是成堆的鱼，09-07 18:50:51-09-07 18:50:54Two are a pile of fish.
4/142 7.59-11.37 n 鳃丝之间全是珠子很小一两毫米，09-07 18:50:53-09-07 18:50:58The spaces between the gill filaments are filled with tiny pearls, about one or two millimeters in size.
5/142 11.91-13.23 aaa 琥珀色圆的，09-07 18:50:54-09-07 18:50:55Amber-colored round,
6/142 13.83-16.23 n 而这些玻璃珠不是水里长出来的，09-07 18:50:55-09-07 18:50:58These glass beads are not grown in water,
7/142 16.53-17.97 hp 它们是从天上掉回来的，09-07 18:50:55-09-07 18:50:58They fell from the sky,
8/142 18.39-20.55 aaa 它们被卡进那些鳃里的那一天，09-07 18:50:56-09-07 18:50:58They were trapped in those gills,
9/142 21.09-24.75 aaa 就是六千六百万年前小行星撞上地球的那一天，09-07 18:50:59-09-07 18:51:02On the day when a meteorite collided with Earth 606 million years ago,
10/142 25.35-26.13 n 不是那一年，09-07 18:50:59-09-07 18:51:01It wasn't that year.
11/142 26.49-27.33 hp 不是那个世纪，09-07 18:51:01-09-07 18:51:03Not that century.
12/142 27.93-28.83 n 是那一天，09-07 18:51:03-09-07 18:51:04It was that day,
13/142 29.61-33.93 aaa 今天这条我要带你去北达科塔州的一片土坡上，09-07 18:51:04-09-07 18:51:06Today, I'm taking you to a hillside in North Dakota.
14/142 34.59-36.33 n 先说这些玻璃珠是怎么来的？09-07 18:51:04-09-07 18:51:06Let's start with how these glass beads are made.
15/142 36.99-39.03 hp 一颗直径十几公里的小行星，09-07 18:51:05-09-07 18:51:09A small asteroid with a diameter of about 10 kilometers,
16/142 39.39-42.15 bg 以每秒二十公里左右的速度砸进地壳，09-07 18:51:06-09-07 18:52:17At a speed of about 20 kilometers per second, it crashes into the Earth's crust.
17/142 42.87-45.99 n 这个速度下撞击点的岩石不是被砸碎，09-07 18:51:06-09-07 18:51:10At this speed, the rocks at the impact point are not shattered.
18/142 46.35-47.55 aaa 是被瞬间气化，09-07 18:51:07-09-07 18:51:09is instantly vaporized,
19/142 48.33-50.79 n 大量熔融的岩石被抛出大气层，09-07 18:51:08-09-07 18:51:10Large amounts of molten rock are ejected into the atmosphere.
20/142 51.27-51.93 aaa 扔进太空，09-07 18:51:10-09-07 18:51:11Throw into space,
21/142 52.53-56.55 hp 在真空里一滴熔岩会被表面张力拉成一个球，09-07 18:51:11-09-07 18:51:16In a vacuum, a drop of molten lava will be stretched into a sphere by surface tension.
22/142 57.09-59.61 n 然后迅速冷却凝固成玻璃。09-07 18:51:11-09-07 18:51:14Then quickly cool and solidify into glass.
23/142 60.24-62.28 n 接着地球的引力把他们拉回来。09-07 18:51:12-09-07 18:51:14Then the Earth's gravity pulled them back.
24/142 62.93-64.37 aaa 几千公里之外的地方，09-07 18:51:13-09-07 18:51:14Thousands of miles away,
25/142 64.87-65.95 n 天上开始落东西，09-07 18:51:15-09-07 18:51:16Things started falling from the sky.
26/142 66.61-67.03 aaa 不是雨，09-07 18:51:16-09-07 18:51:17It's not rain,
27/142 67.61-69.77 n 是无数颗滚烫的小玻璃球，09-07 18:51:16-09-07 18:51:18Are countless balls of molten glass,
28/142 70.19-71.87 hp 像霰蛋一样打下来。09-07 18:51:17-09-07 18:51:20Like a hail of bullets.
29/142 72.44-74.239 n 这个过程发生在撞击之后，09-07 18:51:18-09-07 18:51:19This process occurs after the impact,
30/142 74.36-76.46 aaa 大概十几分钟到两个小时之间。09-07 18:51:18-09-07 18:51:20Approximately 10 to 2 hours.
31/142 77.14-77.68 n 换句话说，09-07 18:51:19-09-07 18:51:20In other words,
32/142 78.29-86.37 n 只要哪个地方的地层里出现了这一层玻璃珠那一层就是那一天它是一个全球同步的时间戳。09-07 18:51:20-09-07 18:51:25As soon as a layer of glass beads appears in the stratum, it indicates that this is the day. It's a global timestamp.
33/142 87.03-87.51 hp 说到这儿，09-07 18:51:20-09-07 18:51:23At this point,
34/142 87.57-88.47 n 我先埋一个问题，09-07 18:51:21-09-07 18:51:23I'll start with a question.
35/142 88.85-89.45 aaa 一会儿回来说，09-07 18:51:22-09-07 18:51:23I'll get back to you later.
36/142 90.13-95.35 hp 几乎所有人记住的版本是小行星撞地球恐龙被撞死了。09-07 18:51:24-09-07 18:51:29The most widely known version is that a small asteroid hit the Earth, killing off the dinosaurs.
37/142 95.89-101.81 aaa 前半句对后半句是错的撞击那一下直接杀死的只是很小。09-07 18:51:25-09-07 18:51:28The impact of the first half sentence on the second half directly killed a small one.
38/142 101.99-105.05 n 一部分真正把他们杀光的是另一样东西，09-07 18:51:25-09-07 18:51:28One thing that truly wiped them out was another.
39/142 105.49-108.49 n 而且那样东西花的时间比你想的长得多。09-07 18:51:26-09-07 18:51:29And it takes much longer than you think.
40/142 109.28-110.54 de 评论区说说你的猜测，09-07 18:51:29-09-07 18:52:17Comments section, let's discuss our guesses.
41/142 110.9-114.97 de 一会儿我说先说那批鱼是怎么被埋进去的撞击点。09-07 18:51:29-09-07 18:53:02I'll explain how the fish were buried first, then I'll talk about the impact point.
42/142 115.09-117.89 aaa 在今天的墨西哥湾一带离北达科，09-07 18:51:30-09-07 18:51:32In the Gulf of Mexico, about 10 miles from North Dakota,
43/142 118.07-119.089 n 他有三千多公里，09-07 18:51:31-09-07 18:51:35He has over 3,000 kilometers.
44/142 119.65-123.6 n 那一下撞出来的坑直径大约一百八十公里，09-07 18:51:31-09-07 18:51:35The hole created by the impact is about 180 kilometers in diameter.
45/142 124.14-126.9 hp 今天还埋在尤卡坦半岛的地下和近海，09-07 18:56:33-09-07 18:56:38Today, it is still buried in the underground and near-shore of Yucatan Peninsula.
46/142 127.24-128.08 hp 他太大了，09-07 18:51:32-09-07 18:51:35He is too big.
47/142 128.45-132.83 aaa 从地面上根本看不出来是靠重力异常和钻探才认出来的。09-07 18:51:33-09-07 18:51:36It's impossible to tell from the ground that it was discovered by detecting gravitational anomalies and drilling.
48/142 133.39-133.75 n 很多人。09-07 18:51:35-09-07 18:51:36Many people.
49/142 133.81-134.53 n 第一反应是海啸，09-07 18:51:36-09-07 18:51:37The first thought was a tsunami.
50/142 135.22-136.6 hp 但海啸走不了这么快，09-07 18:51:37-09-07 18:51:41But tsunamis don't move that fast.
51/142 137.02-140.9 n 从墨西哥湾船过来需要好几个小时甚至更久。09-07 18:51:37-09-07 18:51:41It takes several hours, or even longer, to arrive from the Gulf of Mexico.
52/142 141.61-146.02 aaa 而鱼鳃里的玻璃珠是撞击后不到两小时落下时间，09-07 18:51:38-09-07 18:51:40And the glass beads in the fish gills fell within two hours after impact.
53/142 146.14-146.5 n 对不上。09-07 18:51:39-09-07 18:51:41It doesn't match.
54/142 147.35-149.15 hp 目前的解释是另一种机制。09-07 18:51:41-09-07 18:51:45The current explanation is another mechanism.
55/142 149.45-156.02 n 地震波那次撞击释放的能量相当于人类所有核武器加起来的很多倍。09-07 18:51:42-09-07 18:51:48The energy released by the seismic waves was many times greater than all of humanity's nuclear weapons combined.
56/142 156.51-158.22 aaa 他在地壳里激起的震动，09-07 18:51:42-09-07 18:51:45The tremors that were triggered in the earth's crust,
57/142 158.7-161.7 n 几分钟到十几分钟就能传到北美内陆。09-07 18:51:43-09-07 18:51:48It takes a few minutes to several hours to reach North America.
58/142 162.42-163.56 hp 地震波经过的时候，09-07 18:51:45-09-07 18:51:48When seismic waves pass through,
59/142 163.92-167.1 aaa 会让当地的河流湖泊整体晃动起来，09-07 18:51:46-09-07 18:51:48It will cause the local rivers and lakes to shake.
60/142 167.5-168.43 n 像端着一盆水，09-07 18:51:48-09-07 18:51:51Like holding a bucket of water,
61/142 168.67-172.67 hp 快步走水会一下一下的往两边扑这种涌浪，09-07 18:51:50-09-07 18:51:54The waves rush forward in a series of quick, alternating surges.
62/142 172.85-174.71 aaa 把河床里的鱼连着泥沙，09-07 18:51:50-09-07 18:51:53Attach the fish in the riverbed to mud.
63/142 174.95-175.73 n 一起先上岸，09-07 18:51:51-09-07 18:51:53Let's get on board together.
64/142 176.15-177.47 aaa 一层压一层地埋住。09-07 18:51:54-09-07 18:51:55Buried layer by layer.
65/142 177.95-179.57 n 而在他们被埋的同时，09-07 18:51:54-09-07 18:51:57At the same time as they were buried,
66/142 180.27-182.25 n 天上的玻璃珠正在往下落，09-07 18:51:55-09-07 18:51:57The glass beads in the sky are falling down,
67/142 182.98-184.18 hp 有的落进水里，09-07 18:51:56-09-07 18:52:00Some fall into the water,
68/142 184.73-187.61 aaa 有的直接落进正在挣扎的鱼的鳃里。09-07 18:51:56-09-07 18:52:00Some directly fall into the gills of fish that are struggling.
69/142 188.28-191.21 n 于是这些鱼把那个瞬间保存了下来。09-07 18:51:57-09-07 18:52:00So these fish preserved that moment.
70/142 191.9-195.92 n 我必须把话说清楚这个遗址的部分解读，09-07 18:51:58-09-07 18:52:00I need to clarify some aspects of this site's interpretation.
71/142 196.52-197.9 hp 在学界是有争议的，09-07 18:52:00-09-07 18:52:03It is controversial in academia.
72/142 198.59-200.21 aaa 含玻璃珠的那层沉积，09-07 18:52:01-09-07 18:52:02The layer containing glass beads,
73/142 200.39-201.76 n 本身争议不大，09-07 18:52:02-09-07 18:52:04There is not much controversy about it.
74/142 202.22-204.11 n 但精确还原到那一个小时，09-07 18:52:02-09-07 18:52:04But to precisely restore that one hour,
75/142 204.72-209.15 aaa 是一种解读相关团队的一些后续主张也受到过同行的质疑。09-07 18:52:03-09-07 18:52:05Some subsequent proposals from related teams have also been questioned by peers.
76/142 209.82-211.38 hp 我讲的是目前的主流理解，09-07 18:52:04-09-07 18:52:08I'm talking about the mainstream understanding currently.
77/142 211.81-213.13 n 不是板上钉钉的定论。09-07 18:52:04-09-07 18:52:08It's not a settled matter.
78/142 213.71-214.91 n 现在回答前面那个问题，09-07 18:52:05-09-07 18:52:08Now answer the previous question,
79/142 215.42-216.68 aaa 真正的杀手是什么？09-07 18:52:06-09-07 18:52:08What is a real killer?
80/142 217.15-218.84 n 是黑暗撞击，09-07 18:52:08-09-07 18:52:10It is a collision of darkness,
81/142 219.08-221.12 n 把海量的尘埃抛进平流层，09-07 18:52:09-09-07 18:52:13Throwing massive amounts of dust into the stratosphere,
82/142 221.8-223.78 aaa 更麻烦的是撞击点的地质条件。09-07 18:52:10-09-07 18:52:13What's even more troublesome is the geological conditions at the impact site.
83/142 224.21-226.85 hp 那一代的海底岩石里含有大量硫酸盐，09-07 18:52:10-09-07 18:52:14The seabed rocks of that generation contained a large amount of sulfates.
84/142 227.5-229.0 n 这些东西被气化之后，09-07 18:52:11-09-07 18:52:13After these things are gasified,
85/142 229.359-231.28 n 在高空变成了硫的气溶胶，09-07 18:52:13-09-07 18:52:16It turned into a sulfur gas cloud in the high altitude,
86/142 232.02-235.7 aaa 尘埃和气溶胶一起在全球范围内挡住了阳光。09-07 18:52:14-09-07 18:52:16Dust and aerosols are blocking sunlight worldwide.
87/142 236.47-239.07 n 接下来是这样的植物的光合作用，09-07 18:52:15-09-07 18:52:17Here's how plants perform photosynthesis:
88/142 239.25-244.64 hp 大面积停摆海里的浮游植物是整个海洋食物链的地基，09-07 18:52:15-09-07 18:52:20The widespread shutdown of phytoplankton in the ocean is a fundamental part of the entire marine food chain.
89/142 245.11-249.06 aaa 他们最先崩陆地上先是植物枯死，09-07 18:52:16-09-07 18:52:18They first collapsed on land, and then the plants withered.
90/142 249.6-251.22 n 然后是吃植物的动物，09-07 18:52:17-09-07 18:52:19Then are the animals that eat plants,
91/142 251.69-253.13 n 然后是吃动物的动物。09-07 18:52:18-09-07 18:52:20Then there are animals that eat other animals.
92/142 253.75-255.73 bg 整条链子从最底下开始，09-07 18:52:18-09-07 18:52:59The entire chain starts from the bottom.
93/142 256.2-257.4 de 一层一层往上塌，09-07 18:52:19-09-07 18:52:43Collapse layer by layer,
94/142 258.21-259.17 aaa 同时气温骤降，09-07 18:52:20-09-07 18:52:21At the same time, the temperature dropped sharply.
95/142 259.64-261.74 n 很多地方进入一段漫长的低温期。09-07 18:52:20-09-07 18:52:24Many places are entering a long period of cold.
96/142 262.4-263.78 n 所以那些体型巨大，09-07 18:52:21-09-07 18:52:24So those with large bodies,
97/142 264.259-266.42 hp 每天需要吃掉大量食物的动物，09-07 18:52:22-09-07 18:52:26Animals that need to consume a large amount of food every day,
98/142 266.87-268.25 aaa 是最没有退路的一批，09-07 18:52:22-09-07 18:52:24The most helpless group,
99/142 268.89-270.749 n 他们不是在撞击的那一刻死的。09-07 18:52:25-09-07 18:52:29They weren't killed at the moment of impact.
100/142 271.19-273.05 n 他们是在之后的几个月，09-07 18:52:26-09-07 18:52:29They were in the following months,
101/142 273.53-279.15 aaa 几年里一点一点饿死冻死的大约四分之三的物种，09-07 18:52:26-09-07 18:52:29In the past few years, about three-quarters of species have been dying from starvation and freezing.
102/142 279.53-281.21 hp 在这段时间里消失了。09-07 18:52:27-09-07 18:52:30In this period of time, it disappeared.
103/142 281.78-282.5 n 顺便说清楚，09-07 18:52:29-09-07 18:52:31By the way, let me clarify.
104/142 282.8-286.22 n 那个年代还有一场持续了很久的大规模火山活动。09-07 18:52:30-09-07 18:52:33There was a long-lasting large-scale volcanic activity in that era.
105/142 286.71-290.49 aaa 他在这次灭绝里到底占多大分量学界至今还在争。09-07 18:52:31-09-07 18:52:33What proportion of the extinction event he was responsible for is still debated by academics.
106/142 291.11-293.75 hp 我不打算给你一个就是小行星做的的，09-07 18:52:31-09-07 18:52:35I don't plan to give you one made of an asteroid.
107/142 294.11-294.71 n 干脆答案。09-07 18:52:34-09-07 18:52:34Straight answer.
108/142 295.19-296.99 n 最后说这件事我最在意的一点，09-07 18:52:34-09-07 18:52:37Finally, I want to say the most important thing about this matter.
109/142 297.53-298.79 aaa 我们说恐龙灭绝了。09-07 18:52:35-09-07 18:52:36We say that dinosaurs are extinct.
110/142 299.31-300.15 n 但严格来讲，09-07 18:52:36-09-07 18:52:37Strictly speaking,
111/142 300.69-301.53 hp 这句话是不对的，09-07 18:52:36-09-07 18:52:38This sentence is incorrect.
112/142 302.04-303.06 aaa 有一只活下来了，09-07 18:52:37-09-07 18:52:38One survived.
113/142 303.54-306.56 n 在那场黑暗里能撑住的都是小的，09-07 18:52:38-09-07 18:52:40Those who can survive in the darkness are small.
114/142 307.14-307.56 n 砸实的，09-07 18:52:38-09-07 18:52:39Crush,
115/142 308.05-308.65 aaa 不挑食的，09-07 18:52:39-09-07 18:52:40No picky eaters,
116/142 309.22-310.42 hp 需要能量少的动物，09-07 18:52:40-09-07 18:52:42Animals that require less energy,
117/142 310.98-314.93 n 其中就有一类小型的带羽毛的兽脚类恐龙，09-07 18:52:40-09-07 18:52:44One of these types is a small, feathered theropod dinosaur.
118/142 315.55-316.51 aaa 他们活了下来。09-07 18:52:41-09-07 18:52:42They survived.
119/142 317.08-319.24 n 然后在接下来的六千六百万年里，09-07 18:52:42-09-07 18:52:44Then, over the next six hundred and sixty million years,
120/142 319.72-323.06 aaa 变成了今天满世界都是的一类动物鸟。09-07 18:52:42-09-07 18:52:45It has become a kind of animal that is everywhere today.
121/142 324.04-325.66 hp 在生物学的分类里，09-07 18:52:43-09-07 18:52:46In the field of biology,
122/142 326.24-327.26 de 鸟就是恐龙，09-07 18:52:44-09-07 18:53:21Birds are dinosaurs.
123/142 327.62-328.76 n 不是恐龙的亲戚，09-07 18:52:44-09-07 18:52:46Not a relative of dinosaurs,
124/142 329.23-329.83 n 是恐龙。09-07 18:52:45-09-07 18:52:46Dinosaurs.
125/142 329.95-331.51 aaa 这一只活到今天的后代，09-07 18:52:46-09-07 18:52:47This descendant, who has lived to this day,
126/142 332.21-333.11 hp 所以那场灭绝，09-07 18:52:46-09-07 18:52:50Therefore, that extinction.
127/142 333.29-335.3 n 真正的结果不是恐龙没了，09-07 18:52:47-09-07 18:52:50The real result is not that dinosaurs are gone,
128/142 335.8-339.64 n 是恐龙里最不起眼的那一小撮接管了天空，09-07 18:52:48-09-07 18:52:50The least noticeable of the dinosaurs took to the skies,
129/142 340.34-343.73 aaa 而同一场黑暗也把当时躲在夜里，09-07 18:52:48-09-07 18:52:51And the same darkness also hid those who were hiding in the night,
130/142 344.12-345.92 hp 只有老鼠大小的哺乳动物，09-07 18:52:51-09-07 18:52:54A small mammal, about the size of a mouse.
131/142 346.27-347.53 aaa 从阴影里放了出来。09-07 19:02:54-09-07 19:02:55Released from the shadows.
132/142 348.16-349.0 n 如果没有那一天，09-07 18:52:52-09-07 18:52:53Without that day,
133/142 349.51-350.83 n 我们大概率还在洞力。09-07 18:52:53-09-07 18:52:54We are likely still in the lead.
134/142 351.4-352.84 aaa 最后我想问你一个问题，09-07 18:52:53-09-07 18:52:55Finally, I want to ask you a question.
135/142 353.51-355.49 n 下次你在窗台上看见一只麻雀，09-07 18:52:54-09-07 18:52:58Next time you see a sparrow on your windowsill,
136/142 356.05-358.99 n 他是那场灾难里活下来的那一只的后代，09-07 18:52:55-09-07 18:52:58He is the descendant of one who survived that disaster.
137/142 359.63-363.19 hp 他的祖先见过那天从天上落下来的玻璃珠。09-07 18:52:55-09-07 18:52:59His ancestors saw the glass beads that fell from the sky.
138/142 363.78-367.43 aaa 所以我想问你有没有过这种时刻回头看，09-07 18:52:56-09-07 18:52:59So I want to ask you, have you ever had a moment when you look back and...
139/142 367.61-370.1 n 才发现当时那件最糟糕的事，09-07 18:52:59-09-07 18:53:01I just realized that the worst thing happened at that time.
140/142 370.75-373.27 xss 其实是把你推到今天这儿的那一下，09-07 18:52:59-09-07 18:56:00Actually, it's the push that brought you to where you are today.
141/142 373.92-375.64 n 写在评论区下一条，09-07 18:53:00-09-07 18:53:02Write a comment in the comments section,
142/142 376.34-378.68 bg 我们去另一个不该存在的地方。09-07 18:53:01-09-07 18:53:51We went to a place that shouldn't exist.